Library Version 12.1.6.0

Chapter 9. Using Cursors
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## Chapter 9. Using Cursors

Cursors provide a mechanism by which you can iterate over the records in a database. Using cursors, you can get, put, and delete database records. If a database allows duplicate records, then cursors are the easiest way that you can access anything other than the first record for a given key.

This chapter introduces cursors. It explains how to open and close them, how to use them to modify databases, and how to use them with duplicate records.

## Opening and Closing Cursors

To use a cursor, you must open it using the `Database.openCursor()` method. When you open a cursor, you can optionally pass it a `CursorConfig` object to set cursor properties. The cursor properties that you can set allows you to control the isolation level that the cursor will obey. See the Berkeley DB Getting Started with Transaction Processing guide for more information.

For example:

    package db.GettingStarted;

    import com.sleepycat.db.Cursor;
    import com.sleepycat.db.Database;
    import com.sleepycat.db.DatabaseException;

    import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

    ...
    Database myDatabase = null;
    Cursor myCursor = null;

    try {
        myDatabase = new Database("myDB", null, null);

        myCursor = myDatabase.openCursor(null, null);
    } catch (FileNotFoundException fnfe) {
        // Exception handling goes here ...
    } catch (DatabaseException dbe) {
        // Exception handling goes here ...
    }

To close the cursor, call the `Cursor.close()` method. Note that if you close a database that has cursors open in it, then it will throw an exception and close any open cursors for you. For best results, close your cursors from within a `finally` block. However, it is recommended that you always close all cursor handles immediately after their use to ensure concurrency and to release resources such as page locks.

    package db.GettingStarted;

    import com.sleepycat.db.Cursor;
    import com.sleepycat.db.Database;

    ...
    try {
        ...
    } catch ... {
    } finally {
        try {
            if (myCursor != null) {
                myCursor.close();
            }

            if (myDatabase != null) {
                myDatabase.close();
            }
        } catch(DatabaseException dbe) {
            System.err.println("Error in close: " + dbe.toString());
        }
    }

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