Phusion Passenger Standalone users guide

# Phusion Passenger Standalone users guide

This is the old, deprecated Passenger Standalone documentation. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/ for the new documentation.

## 1. Support information

### 1.1. Supported operating systems and languages

This documentation has moved. https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/supported_operating_systems_and_languages.html

### 1.2. Where to get support

- Community discussion forum - post a message here if you’re experiencing problems. Support on this forum is provided by the community on a best-effort basis, so a (timely) response is not guaranteed.

- Issue tracker - report bugs here.

- Email support@phusion.nl if you are a Phusion Passenger Enterprise customer. Please mention your order reference. If you are not an Enterprise customer, we kindly redirect you to the community discussion forum instead.

- Commercial support contracts are also available.

- Report security vulnerabilities to security@phusion.nl. We will do our best to respond to you as quickly as we can, so please do not disclose the vulnerability until then.

Please consult the Phusion Passenger website for a full list of support resources.

## 2. Installation

### 2.1. Synopsis

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/

### 2.2. Installing or upgrading on Mac OS X with Homebrew

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/

### 2.3. Installing or upgrading on Debian or Ubuntu

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/apt_repo/

#### 2.3.1. Adding our APT repository

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/apt_repo/

#### 2.3.2. Installing packages

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/apt_repo/

### 2.4. Installing or upgrading on Red Hat or CentOS

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/yum_repo/

#### 2.4.1. Adding our YUM repository

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/yum_repo/

#### 2.4.2. Installing packages

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/yum_repo/

### 2.5. Installing or upgrading on Heroku

Please refer to our Heroku Ruby demo for installation and upgrade instructions for Heroku.

### 2.6. Generic installation, upgrade and downgrade method: via RubyGems

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/

### 2.7. Generic installation, upgrade and downgrade method: via tarball

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/

### 2.8. Upgrading from open source to Enterprise

This documentation has moved. https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/standalone/upgrading_from_oss_to_enterprise.html

### 2.9. Cryptographic verification of installation files

#### 2.9.1. Synopsis

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/crypto_verify_install.html

#### 2.9.2. Importing the Phusion Software Signing key

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/crypto_verify_install.html

#### 2.9.3. Verifying the Phusion Software Signing key

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/crypto_verify_install.html

#### 2.9.4. Verifying the gem and tarball

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/crypto_verify_install.html

#### 2.9.5. Verifying Git signatures

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/crypto_verify_install.html

#### 2.9.6. Verifying Debian packages

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/crypto_verify_install.html

#### 2.9.7. Verifying RPM packages

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/crypto_verify_install.html

#### 2.9.8. Revocation

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/crypto_verify_install.html

### 2.10. Customizing the compilation process

#### 2.10.1. Setting the compiler

#### 2.10.2. Adding additional compiler or linker flags

#### 2.10.3. Forcing location of command line tools and dependencies

### 2.11. Uninstalling

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/standalone/uninstall/

### 2.12. Moving to a different directory

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/standalone/moving.html

## 3. Usage

This documentation has moved. Please visit the walkthroughs at https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/ to learn how to use Passenger Standalone. Or visit the new deployment documentation.

## 4. Configuration

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/config/standalone/

### 4.1. Command line options

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/config/standalone/reference/

### 4.2. Configuration file

This documentation has moved. Please visit the new configuration reference or the new configuration introduction document.

### 4.3. Advanced configuration

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/config/standalone/intro.html#nginx-configuration-template

## 5. Using Passenger Standalone in production

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/deploy/standalone/

### 5.1. Starting Passenger Standalone at system boot

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/deploy/standalone/deploy/ruby/#step-4-make-sure-passenger-standalone-starts-on-system-boot

### 5.2. Sharing the same port between multiple Passenger Standalone instances

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/deploy/standalone/reverse_proxy.html

### 5.3. Installing Passenger Standalone behind Nginx

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/deploy/standalone/reverse_proxy.html

## 6. Mass deployment

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/deploy/standalone/mass_deployment.html

## 7. Troubleshooting

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/admin/standalone/

## 8. Under the hood

### 8.1. Phusion Passenger and its relationship with Ruby

#### 8.1.1. How Ruby is used

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/indepth/lightweight_ruby_dependency.html

#### 8.1.2. When the system has multiple Ruby interpreters

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/indepth/ruby/multiple_rubies.html

## 9. Appendix: About environment variables

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/indepth/environment_variables.html

### 9.1. Working with environment variables

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/indepth/environment_variables.html#working-with-environment-variables

### 9.2. The PATH environment variable

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/indepth/environment_variables.html#the-path-environment-variable

#### 9.2.1. Adding Phusion Passenger’s administration tools to PATH

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/indepth/environment_variables.html#adding-passenger-s-administration-tools-to-path

### 9.3. Making environment variables permanent

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/indepth/environment_variables.html#making-environment-variables-permanent

#### 9.3.1. bash

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/indepth/environment_variables.html#bash

#### 9.3.2. Apache

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/indepth/environment_variables.html#apache

#### 9.3.3. Nginx

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/indepth/environment_variables.html#nginx

#### 9.3.4. cron

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/indepth/environment_variables.html#cron

#### 9.3.5. Phusion Passenger-served apps

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/indepth/environment_variables.html#passenger-served-apps

### 9.4. Environment variables and sudo

This documentation has moved. Please visit https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/indepth/environment_variables.html#environment-variables-and-sudo