OSSL_PARAM(3)

NAME
OSSL_PARAM - a structure to pass or request object parameters

SYNOPSIS
 #include <openssl/core.h>

 typedef struct ossl_param_st OSSL_PARAM;
 struct ossl_param_st {
     const char *key;             /* the name of the parameter */
     unsigned int data_type;      /* declare what kind of content is in data */
     void *data;                  /* value being passed in or out */
     size_t data_size;            /* data size */
     size_t return_size;          /* returned size */
 };

DESCRIPTION
OSSL_PARAM is a type that allows passing arbitrary data for some object between two parties that have no or very little shared knowledge about their respective internal structures for that object.

A typical usage example could be an application that wants to set some parameters for an object, or wants to find out some parameters of an object.

Arrays of this type can be used for the following purposes:

•   Setting parameters for some object

    The caller sets up the OSSL_PARAM array and calls some function (the setter) that has intimate knowledge about the object that can take the data from the OSSL_PARAM array and assign them in a suitable form for the internal structure of the object.

•   Request parameters of some object

    The caller (the requester) sets up the OSSL_PARAM array and calls some function (the responder) that has intimate knowledge about the object, which can take the internal data of the object and copy (possibly convert) that to the memory prepared by the requester and pointed at with the OSSL_PARAM data.

•   Request parameter descriptors

    The caller gets an array of constant OSSL_PARAM, which describe available parameters and some of their properties; name, data type and expected data size. For a detailed description of each field for this use, see the field descriptions below.

    The caller may then use the information from this descriptor array to build up its own OSSL_PARAM array to pass down to a setter or responder.

Normally, the order of the an OSSL_PARAM array is not relevant. However, if the responder can handle multiple elements with the same key, those elements must be handled in the order they are in.

An OSSL_PARAM array must have a terminating element, where key is NULL. The usual full terminating template is:

    { NULL, 0, NULL, 0, 0 }

This can also be specified using OSSL_PARAM_END(3).

  Functional support
Libcrypto offers a limited set of helper functions to handle OSSL_PARAM items and arrays, please see OSSL_PARAM_get_int(3). Developers are free to extend or replace those as they see fit.

  OSSL_PARAM fields

key The identity of the parameter in the form of a string.

    In an OSSL_PARAM array, an item with this field set to NULL is considered a terminating item.

data_type
    The data_type is a value that describes the type and organization of the data. See "Supported types" below for a description of the types.

data
data_size
    data is a pointer to the memory where the parameter data is (when setting parameters) or shall (when requesting parameters) be stored, and data_size is its size in bytes. The organization of the data depends on the parameter type and flag.

    The data_size needs special attention with the parameter type OSSL_PARAM_UTF8_STRING in relation to C strings. When setting parameters, the size should be set to the length of the string, not counting the terminating NUL byte. When requesting parameters, the size should be set to the size of the buffer to be populated, which should accommodate enough space for a terminating NUL byte.

    When requesting parameters, it's acceptable for data to be NULL. This can be used by the requester to figure out dynamically exactly how much buffer space is needed to store the parameter data. In this case, data_size is ignored.

    When the OSSL_PARAM is used as a parameter descriptor, data should be ignored. If data_size is zero, it means that an arbitrary data size is accepted, otherwise it specifies the maximum size allowed.

return_size
    When an array of OSSL_PARAM is used to request data, the responder must set this field to indicate size of the parameter data, including padding as the case may be. In case the data_size is an unsuitable size for the data, the responder must still set this field to indicate the minimum data size required. (further notes on this in "NOTES" below).

    When the OSSL_PARAM is used as a parameter descriptor, return_size should be ignored.

NOTE:

The key names and associated types are defined by the entity that offers these parameters, i.e. names for parameters provided by the OpenSSL libraries are defined by the libraries, and names for parameters provided by providers are defined by those providers, except for the pointer form of strings (see data type descriptions below). Entities that want to set or request parameters need to know what those keys are and of what type, any functionality between those two entities should remain oblivious and just pass the OSSL_PARAM array along.

  Supported types
The data_type field can be one of the following types:

OSSL_PARAM_INTEGER
OSSL_PARAM_UNSIGNED_INTEGER
    The parameter data is an integer (signed or unsigned) of arbitrary length, organized in native form, i.e. most significant byte first on Big-Endian systems, and least significant byte first on Little-Endian systems.

OSSL_PARAM_REAL
    The parameter data is a floating point value in native form.

OSSL_PARAM_UTF8_STRING
    The parameter data is a printable string.

OSSL_PARAM_OCTET_STRING
    The parameter data is an arbitrary string of bytes.

OSSL_PARAM_UTF8_PTR
    The parameter data is a pointer to a printable string.

    The difference between this and OSSL_PARAM_UTF8_STRING is that data doesn't point directly at the data, but to a pointer that points to the data.

    If there is any uncertainty about which to use, OSSL_PARAM_UTF8_STRING is almost certainly the correct choice.

    This is used to indicate that constant data is or will be passed, and there is therefore no need to copy the data that is passed, just the pointer to it.

    data_size must be set to the size of the data, not the size of the pointer to the data. If this is used in a parameter request, data_size is not relevant. However, the responder will set return_size to the size of the data.

    Note that the use of this type is fragile and can only be safely used for data that remains constant and in a constant location for a long enough duration (such as the life-time of the entity that offers these parameters).

OSSL_PARAM_OCTET_PTR
    The parameter data is a pointer to an arbitrary string of bytes.

    The difference between this and OSSL_PARAM_OCTET_STRING is that data doesn't point directly at the data, but to a pointer that points to the data.

    If there is any uncertainty about which to use, OSSL_PARAM_OCTET_STRING is almost certainly the correct choice.

    This is used to indicate that constant data is or will be passed, and there is therefore no need to copy the data that is passed, just the pointer to it.

    data_size must be set to the size of the data, not the size of the pointer to the data. If this is used in a parameter request, data_size is not relevant. However, the responder will set return_size to the size of the data.

    Note that the use of this type is fragile and can only be safely used for data that remains constant and in a constant location for a long enough duration (such as the life-time of the entity that offers these parameters).

NOTES
Both when setting and requesting parameters, the functions that are called will have to decide what is and what is not an error. The recommended behaviour is:

•   Keys that a setter or responder doesn't recognise should simply be ignored. That in itself isn't an error.

•   If the keys that a called setter recognises form a consistent enough set of data, that call should succeed.

•   Apart from the return_size, a responder must never change the fields of an OSSL_PARAM. To return a value, it should change the contents of the memory that data points at.

•   If the data type for a key that it's associated with is incorrect, the called function may return an error.

    The called function may also try to convert the data to a suitable form (for example, it's plausible to pass a large number as an octet string, so even though a given key is defined as an OSSL_PARAM_UNSIGNED_INTEGER, is plausible to pass the value as an OSSL_PARAM_OCTET_STRING), but this is in no way mandatory.

•   If data for a OSSL_PARAM_OCTET_STRING or a OSSL_PARAM_UTF8_STRING is NULL, the responder should set return_size to the size of the item to be returned and return success. Later the responder will be called again with data pointing at the place for the value to be put.

•   If a responder finds that some data sizes are too small for the requested data, it must set return_size for each such OSSL_PARAM item to the minimum required size, and eventually return an error.

•   For the integer type parameters (OSSL_PARAM_UNSIGNED_INTEGER and OSSL_PARAM_INTEGER), a responder may choose to return an error if the data_size isn't a suitable size (even if data_size is bigger than needed). If the responder finds the size suitable, it must fill all data_size bytes and ensure correct padding for the native endianness, and set return_size to the same value as data_size.

EXAMPLES
A couple of examples to just show how OSSL_PARAM arrays could be set up.

Example 1

This example is for setting parameters on some object:

    #include <openssl/core.h>

    const char *foo = "some string";
    size_t foo_l = strlen(foo);
    const char bar[] = "some other string";
    OSSL_PARAM set[] = {
        { "foo", OSSL_PARAM_UTF8_PTR, &foo, foo_l, 0 },
        { "bar", OSSL_PARAM_UTF8_STRING, (void *)&bar, sizeof(bar) - 1, 0 },
        { NULL, 0, NULL, 0, 0 }
    };

Example 2

This example is for requesting parameters on some object:

    const char *foo = NULL;
    size_t foo_l;
    char bar[1024];
    size_t bar_l;
    OSSL_PARAM request[] = {
        { "foo", OSSL_PARAM_UTF8_PTR, &foo, 0 /*irrelevant*/, 0 },
        { "bar", OSSL_PARAM_UTF8_STRING, &bar, sizeof(bar), 0 },
        { NULL, 0, NULL, 0, 0 }
    };

A responder that receives this array (as params in this example) could fill in the parameters like this:

    /* OSSL_PARAM *params */

    int i;

    for (i = 0; params[i].key != NULL; i++) {
        if (strcmp(params[i].key, "foo") == 0) {
            *(char **)params[i].data = "foo value";
            params[i].return_size = 9; /* length of "foo value" string */
        } else if (strcmp(params[i].key, "bar") == 0) {
            memcpy(params[i].data, "bar value", 10);
            params[i].return_size = 9; /* length of "bar value" string */
        }
        /* Ignore stuff we don't know */
    }

SEE ALSO
openssl-core.h(7), OSSL_PARAM_get_int(3), OSSL_PARAM_dup(3), OSSL_PARAM_construct_utf8_string(3)

HISTORY
OSSL_PARAM was added in OpenSSL 3.0.

COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2019-2025 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.

Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at <https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.