    /* SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT */
    /******************************************************************************
     * cameraif.h
     *
     * Unified camera device I/O interface for Xen guest OSes.
     *
     * Copyright (C) 2018-2019 EPAM Systems Inc.
     *
     * Author: Oleksandr Andrushchenko <oleksandr_andrushchenko@epam.com>
     */

    #ifndef __XEN_PUBLIC_IO_CAMERAIF_H__
    #define __XEN_PUBLIC_IO_CAMERAIF_H__

    #include "ring.h"
    #include "../grant_table.h"

    /*
     ******************************************************************************
     *                           Protocol version
     ******************************************************************************
     */
    #define XENCAMERA_PROTOCOL_VERSION     "1"

    /*
     ******************************************************************************
     *                  Feature and Parameter Negotiation
     ******************************************************************************
     *
     * Front->back notifications: when enqueuing a new request, sending a
     * notification can be made conditional on xencamera_req (i.e., the generic
     * hold-off mechanism provided by the ring macros). Backends must set
     * xencamera_req appropriately (e.g., using RING_FINAL_CHECK_FOR_REQUESTS()).
     *
     * Back->front notifications: when enqueuing a new response, sending a
     * notification can be made conditional on xencamera_resp (i.e., the generic
     * hold-off mechanism provided by the ring macros). Frontends must set
     * xencamera_resp appropriately (e.g., using RING_FINAL_CHECK_FOR_RESPONSES()).
     *
     * The two halves of a para-virtual camera driver utilize nodes within
     * XenStore to communicate capabilities and to negotiate operating parameters.
     * This section enumerates these nodes which reside in the respective front and
     * backend portions of XenStore, following the XenBus convention.
     *
     * All data in XenStore is stored as strings. Nodes specifying numeric
     * values are encoded in decimal. Integer value ranges listed below are
     * expressed as fixed sized integer types capable of storing the conversion
     * of a properly formatted node string, without loss of information.
     *
     ******************************************************************************
     *                        Example configuration
     ******************************************************************************
     *
     * This is an example of backend and frontend configuration:
     *
     *--------------------------------- Backend -----------------------------------
     *
     * /local/domain/0/backend/vcamera/1/0/frontend-id = "1"
     * /local/domain/0/backend/vcamera/1/0/frontend = "/local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0"
     * /local/domain/0/backend/vcamera/1/0/state = "4"
     * /local/domain/0/backend/vcamera/1/0/versions = "1,2"
     *
     *--------------------------------- Frontend ----------------------------------
     *
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/backend-id = "0"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/backend = "/local/domain/0/backend/vcamera/1"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/state = "4"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/version = "1"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/be-alloc = "1"
     *
     *---------------------------- Device 0 configuration -------------------------
     *
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/max-buffers = "3"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/controls = "contrast,hue"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/formats/YUYV/640x480/frame-rates = "30/1,15/1"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/formats/YUYV/1920x1080/frame-rates = "15/2"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/formats/BGRA/640x480/frame-rates = "15/1,15/2"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/formats/BGRA/1200x720/frame-rates = "15/2"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/unique-id = "0"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/req-ring-ref = "2832"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/req-event-channel = "15"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/evt-ring-ref = "387"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/0/evt-event-channel = "16"
     *
     *---------------------------- Device 1 configuration -------------------------
     *
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/1/max-buffers = "8"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/1/controls = "brightness,saturation,hue"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/1/formats/YUYV/640x480/frame-rates = "30/1,15/2"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/1/formats/YUYV/1920x1080/frame-rates = "15/2"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/1/unique-id = "1"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/1/req-ring-ref = "2833"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/1/req-event-channel = "17"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/1/evt-ring-ref = "388"
     * /local/domain/1/device/vcamera/1/evt-event-channel = "18"
     *
     ******************************************************************************
     *                            Backend XenBus Nodes
     ******************************************************************************
     *
     *----------------------------- Protocol version ------------------------------
     *
     * versions
     *      Values:         <string>
     *
     *      List of XENCAMERA_LIST_SEPARATOR separated protocol versions supported
     *      by the backend. For example "1,2,3".
     *
     ******************************************************************************
     *                            Frontend XenBus Nodes
     ******************************************************************************
     *
     *-------------------------------- Addressing ---------------------------------
     *
     * dom-id
     *      Values:         <uint16_t>
     *
     *      Domain identifier.
     *
     * dev-id
     *      Values:         <uint16_t>
     *
     *      Device identifier.
     *
     *      /local/domain/<dom-id>/device/vcamera/<dev-id>/...
     *
     *----------------------------- Protocol version ------------------------------
     *
     * version
     *      Values:         <string>
     *
     *      Protocol version, chosen among the ones supported by the backend.
     *
     *------------------------- Backend buffer allocation -------------------------
     *
     * be-alloc
     *      Values:         "0", "1"
     *
     *      If value is set to "1", then backend will be the buffer
     *      provider/allocator for this domain during XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_CREATE
     *      operation.
     *      If value is not "1" or omitted frontend must allocate buffers itself.
     *
     *------------------------------- Camera settings -----------------------------
     *
     * unique-id
     *      Values:         <string>
     *
     *      After device instance initialization each camera is assigned a
     *      unique ID, so it can be identified by the backend by this ID.
     *      This can be UUID or such.
     *
     * max-buffers
     *      Values:         <uint8_t>
     *
     *      Maximum number of camera buffers this frontend may use.
     *
     * controls
     *      Values:         <list of string>
     *
     *      List of supported camera controls separated by XENCAMERA_LIST_SEPARATOR.
     *      Camera controls are expressed as a list of string values w/o any
     *      ordering requirement.
     *
     * formats
     *      Values:         <format, char[7]>
     *
     *      Formats are organized as a set of directories one per each
     *      supported pixel format. The name of the directory is the
     *      corresponding FOURCC string label. The next level of
     *      the directory under <formats> represents supported resolutions.
     *      If the format represents a big-endian variant of a little
     *      endian format, then the "-BE" suffix must be added. E.g. 'AR15' vs
     *      'AR15-BE'.
     *      If FOURCC string label has spaces then those are only allowed to
     *      be at the end of the label and must be trimmed, for example
     *      'Y16' and 'Y16-BE' will be trimmed.
     *
     * resolution
     *      Values:         <width, uint32_t>x<height, uint32_t>
     *
     *      Resolutions are organized as a set of directories one per each
     *      supported resolution under corresponding <formats> directory.
     *      The name of the directory is the supported width and height
     *      of the camera resolution in pixels.
     *
     * frame-rates
     *      Values:         <numerator, uint32_t>/<denominator, uint32_t>
     *
     *      List of XENCAMERA_FRAME_RATE_SEPARATOR separated supported frame rates
     *      of the camera expressed as numerator and denominator of the
     *      corresponding frame rate.
     *
     *------------------- Camera Request Transport Parameters ---------------------
     *
     * This communication path is used to deliver requests from frontend to backend
     * and get the corresponding responses from backend to frontend,
     * set up per virtual camera device.
     *
     * req-event-channel
     *      Values:         <uint32_t>
     *
     *      The identifier of the Xen camera's control event channel
     *      used to signal activity in the ring buffer.
     *
     * req-ring-ref
     *      Values:         <uint32_t>
     *
     *      The Xen grant reference granting permission for the backend to map
     *      a sole page of camera's control ring buffer.
     *
     *-------------------- Camera Event Transport Parameters ----------------------
     *
     * This communication path is used to deliver asynchronous events from backend
     * to frontend, set up per virtual camera device.
     *
     * evt-event-channel
     *      Values:         <uint32_t>
     *
     *      The identifier of the Xen camera's event channel
     *      used to signal activity in the ring buffer.
     *
     * evt-ring-ref
     *      Values:         <uint32_t>
     *
     *      The Xen grant reference granting permission for the backend to map
     *      a sole page of camera's event ring buffer.
     */

    /*
     ******************************************************************************
     *                               STATE DIAGRAMS
     ******************************************************************************
     *
     * Tool stack creates front and back state nodes with initial state
     * XenbusStateInitialising.
     * Tool stack creates and sets up frontend camera configuration
     * nodes per domain.
     *
     *-------------------------------- Normal flow --------------------------------
     *
     * Front                                Back
     * =================================    =====================================
     * XenbusStateInitialising              XenbusStateInitialising
     *                                       o Query backend device identification
     *                                         data.
     *                                       o Open and validate backend device.
     *                                                |
     *                                                |
     *                                                V
     *                                      XenbusStateInitWait
     *
     * o Query frontend configuration
     * o Allocate and initialize
     *   event channels per configured
     *   camera.
     * o Publish transport parameters
     *   that will be in effect during
     *   this connection.
     *              |
     *              |
     *              V
     * XenbusStateInitialised
     *
     *                                       o Query frontend transport parameters.
     *                                       o Connect to the event channels.
     *                                                |
     *                                                |
     *                                                V
     *                                      XenbusStateConnected
     *
     *  o Create and initialize OS
     *    virtual camera as per
     *    configuration.
     *              |
     *              |
     *              V
     * XenbusStateConnected
     *
     *                                      XenbusStateUnknown
     *                                      XenbusStateClosed
     *                                      XenbusStateClosing
     * o Remove virtual camera device
     * o Remove event channels
     *              |
     *              |
     *              V
     * XenbusStateClosed
     *
     *------------------------------- Recovery flow -------------------------------
     *
     * In case of frontend unrecoverable errors backend handles that as
     * if frontend goes into the XenbusStateClosed state.
     *
     * In case of backend unrecoverable errors frontend tries removing
     * the virtualized device. If this is possible at the moment of error,
     * then frontend goes into the XenbusStateInitialising state and is ready for
     * new connection with backend. If the virtualized device is still in use and
     * cannot be removed, then frontend goes into the XenbusStateReconfiguring state
     * until either the virtualized device is removed or backend initiates a new
     * connection. On the virtualized device removal frontend goes into the
     * XenbusStateInitialising state.
     *
     * Note on XenbusStateReconfiguring state of the frontend: if backend has
     * unrecoverable errors then frontend cannot send requests to the backend
     * and thus cannot provide functionality of the virtualized device anymore.
     * After backend is back to normal the virtualized device may still hold some
     * state: configuration in use, allocated buffers, client application state etc.
     * In most cases, this will require frontend to implement complex recovery
     * reconnect logic. Instead, by going into XenbusStateReconfiguring state,
     * frontend will make sure no new clients of the virtualized device are
     * accepted, allow existing client(s) to exit gracefully by signaling error
     * state etc.
     * Once all the clients are gone frontend can reinitialize the virtualized
     * device and get into XenbusStateInitialising state again signaling the
     * backend that a new connection can be made.
     *
     * There are multiple conditions possible under which frontend will go from
     * XenbusStateReconfiguring into XenbusStateInitialising, some of them are OS
     * specific. For example:
     * 1. The underlying OS framework may provide callbacks to signal that the last
     *    client of the virtualized device has gone and the device can be removed
     * 2. Frontend can schedule a deferred work (timer/tasklet/workqueue)
     *    to periodically check if this is the right time to re-try removal of
     *    the virtualized device.
     * 3. By any other means.
     *
     ******************************************************************************
     *                             REQUEST CODES
     ******************************************************************************
     */
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_SET        0x00
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_GET        0x01
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_VALIDATE   0x02
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_FRAME_RATE_SET    0x03
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_GET_LAYOUT    0x04
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_REQUEST       0x05
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_CREATE        0x06
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_DESTROY       0x07
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_QUEUE         0x08
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_DEQUEUE       0x09
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_CTRL_ENUM         0x0a
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_CTRL_SET          0x0b
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_CTRL_GET          0x0c
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_STREAM_START      0x0d
    #define XENCAMERA_OP_STREAM_STOP       0x0e

    #define XENCAMERA_CTRL_BRIGHTNESS      0
    #define XENCAMERA_CTRL_CONTRAST        1
    #define XENCAMERA_CTRL_SATURATION      2
    #define XENCAMERA_CTRL_HUE             3

    /* Number of supported controls. */
    #define XENCAMERA_MAX_CTRL             4

    /* Control is read-only. */
    #define XENCAMERA_CTRL_FLG_RO          (1 << 0)
    /* Control is write-only. */
    #define XENCAMERA_CTRL_FLG_WO          (1 << 1)
    /* Control's value is volatile. */
    #define XENCAMERA_CTRL_FLG_VOLATILE    (1 << 2)

    /* Supported color spaces. */
    #define XENCAMERA_COLORSPACE_DEFAULT   0
    #define XENCAMERA_COLORSPACE_SMPTE170M 1
    #define XENCAMERA_COLORSPACE_REC709    2
    #define XENCAMERA_COLORSPACE_SRGB      3
    #define XENCAMERA_COLORSPACE_OPRGB     4
    #define XENCAMERA_COLORSPACE_BT2020    5
    #define XENCAMERA_COLORSPACE_DCI_P3    6

    /* Color space transfer function. */
    #define XENCAMERA_XFER_FUNC_DEFAULT    0
    #define XENCAMERA_XFER_FUNC_709        1
    #define XENCAMERA_XFER_FUNC_SRGB       2
    #define XENCAMERA_XFER_FUNC_OPRGB      3
    #define XENCAMERA_XFER_FUNC_NONE       4
    #define XENCAMERA_XFER_FUNC_DCI_P3     5
    #define XENCAMERA_XFER_FUNC_SMPTE2084  6

    /* Color space Y’CbCr encoding. */
    #define XENCAMERA_YCBCR_ENC_IGNORE           0
    #define XENCAMERA_YCBCR_ENC_601              1
    #define XENCAMERA_YCBCR_ENC_709              2
    #define XENCAMERA_YCBCR_ENC_XV601            3
    #define XENCAMERA_YCBCR_ENC_XV709            4
    #define XENCAMERA_YCBCR_ENC_BT2020           5
    #define XENCAMERA_YCBCR_ENC_BT2020_CONST_LUM 6

    /* Quantization range. */
    #define XENCAMERA_QUANTIZATION_DEFAULT       0
    #define XENCAMERA_QUANTIZATION_FULL_RANGE    1
    #define XENCAMERA_QUANTIZATION_LIM_RANGE     2

    /*
     ******************************************************************************
     *                                 EVENT CODES
     ******************************************************************************
     */
    #define XENCAMERA_EVT_FRAME_AVAIL      0x00
    #define XENCAMERA_EVT_CTRL_CHANGE      0x01

    /*
     ******************************************************************************
     *               XENSTORE FIELD AND PATH NAME STRINGS, HELPERS
     ******************************************************************************
     */
    #define XENCAMERA_DRIVER_NAME          "vcamera"

    #define XENCAMERA_LIST_SEPARATOR       ","
    #define XENCAMERA_RESOLUTION_SEPARATOR "x"
    #define XENCAMERA_FRACTION_SEPARATOR   "/"

    #define XENCAMERA_FIELD_BE_VERSIONS    "versions"
    #define XENCAMERA_FIELD_FE_VERSION     "version"
    #define XENCAMERA_FIELD_REQ_RING_REF   "req-ring-ref"
    #define XENCAMERA_FIELD_REQ_CHANNEL    "req-event-channel"
    #define XENCAMERA_FIELD_EVT_RING_REF   "evt-ring-ref"
    #define XENCAMERA_FIELD_EVT_CHANNEL    "evt-event-channel"
    #define XENCAMERA_FIELD_MAX_BUFFERS    "max-buffers"
    #define XENCAMERA_FIELD_CONTROLS       "controls"
    #define XENCAMERA_FIELD_FORMATS        "formats"
    #define XENCAMERA_FIELD_FRAME_RATES    "frame-rates"
    #define XENCAMERA_FIELD_BE_ALLOC       "be-alloc"
    #define XENCAMERA_FIELD_UNIQUE_ID      "unique-id"

    #define XENCAMERA_CTRL_BRIGHTNESS_STR  "brightness"
    #define XENCAMERA_CTRL_CONTRAST_STR    "contrast"
    #define XENCAMERA_CTRL_SATURATION_STR  "saturation"
    #define XENCAMERA_CTRL_HUE_STR         "hue"

    #define XENCAMERA_FOURCC_BIGENDIAN_STR "-BE"

    /* Maximum number of buffer planes supported. */
    #define XENCAMERA_MAX_PLANE            4

    /*
     ******************************************************************************
     *                          STATUS RETURN CODES
     ******************************************************************************
     *
     * Status return code is zero on success and -XEN_EXX on failure.
     *
     ******************************************************************************
     *                              Assumptions
     ******************************************************************************
     *
     * - usage of grant reference 0 as invalid grant reference:
     *   grant reference 0 is valid, but never exposed to a PV driver,
     *   because of the fact it is already in use/reserved by the PV console.
     * - all references in this document to page sizes must be treated
     *   as pages of size XEN_PAGE_SIZE unless otherwise noted.
     * - all FOURCC mappings used for configuration and messaging are
     *   Linux V4L2 ones: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/include/uapi/linux/videodev2.h
     *   with the following exceptions:
     *     - characters are allowed in [0x20; 0x7f] range
     *     - when used for XenStore configuration entries the following
     *       are not allowed:
     *       - '/', '\', ' ' (space), '<', '>', ':', '"', '|', '?', '*'
     *       - if trailing spaces are part of the FOURCC code then those must be
     *         trimmed
     *
     *
     ******************************************************************************
     *       Description of the protocol between frontend and backend driver
     ******************************************************************************
     *
     * The two halves of a Para-virtual camera driver communicate with
     * each other using shared pages and event channels.
     * Shared page contains a ring with request/response packets.
     *
     * All reserved fields in the structures below must be 0.
     *
     * For all request/response/event packets:
     *   - frame rate parameter is represented as a pair of 4 octet long
     *     numerator and denominator:
     *       - frame_rate_numer - uint32_t, numerator of the frame rate
     *       - frame_rate_denom - uint32_t, denominator of the frame rate
     *     The corresponding frame rate (Hz) is calculated as:
     *       frame_rate = frame_rate_numer / frame_rate_denom
     *   - buffer index is a zero based index of the buffer. Must be less than
     *     the value of XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_SET.num_bufs response:
     *       - index - uint8_t, index of the buffer.
     *
     *
     *---------------------------------- Requests ---------------------------------
     *
     * All request packets have the same length (64 octets).
     * All request packets have common header:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                |    operation   |   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *   id - uint16_t, private guest value, echoed in response.
     *   operation - uint8_t, operation code, XENCAMERA_OP_XXX.
     *
     *
     * Request to set/validate the configuration - request to set the
     * configuration/mode of the camera (XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_SET) or to
     * check if the configuration is valid and can be used
     * (XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_VALIDATE):
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                | _OP_CONFIG_XXX |   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                            pixel format                           | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                               width                               | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                               height                              | 20
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 24
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * pixel_format - uint32_t, pixel format to be used, FOURCC code.
     * width - uint32_t, width in pixels.
     * height - uint32_t, height in pixels.
     *
     * See response format for this request.
     *
     * Notes:
     *  - the only difference between XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_VALIDATE and
     *    XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_SET is that the former doesn't actually change
     *    camera configuration, but queries if the configuration is valid.
     *    This can be used while stream is active and/or buffers allocated.
     *  - frontend must check the corresponding response in order to see
     *    if the values reported back by the backend do match the desired ones
     *    and can be accepted.
     *  - frontend may send multiple XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_SET requests before
     *    sending XENCAMERA_OP_STREAM_START request to update or tune the
     *    final stream configuration.
     *  - configuration cannot be changed during active streaming, e.g.
     *    after XENCAMERA_OP_STREAM_START and before XENCAMERA_OP_STREAM_STOP
     *    requests.
     */
    struct xencamera_config_req {
        uint32_t pixel_format;
        uint32_t width;
        uint32_t height;
    };

    /*
     * Request current configuration of the camera:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                | _OP_CONFIG_GET |   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * See response format for this request.
     *
     *
     * Request to set the frame rate of the stream:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                | _FRAME_RATE_SET|   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          frame_rate_numer                         | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          frame_rate_denom                         | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 20
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * frame_rate_numer - uint32_t, numerator of the frame rate.
     * frame_rate_denom - uint32_t, denominator of the frame rate.
     *
     * Notes:
     *  - to query the current (actual) frame rate use XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_GET
     *    request.
     *  - this request can be used with camera buffers allocated, but stream
     *    stopped, e.g. frontend is allowed to stop the stream with
     *    XENCAMERA_OP_STREAM_STOP, hold the buffers allocated (e.g. keep the
     *    configuration set with XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_SET), change the
     *    frame rate of the stream and (re)start the stream again with
     *    XENCAMERA_OP_STREAM_START.
     *  - frame rate cannot be changed during active streaming, e.g.
     *    after XENCAMERA_OP_STREAM_START and before XENCAMERA_OP_STREAM_STOP
     *    commands.
     */
    struct xencamera_frame_rate_req {
        uint32_t frame_rate_numer;
        uint32_t frame_rate_denom;
    };

    /*
     * Request camera buffer's layout:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                | _BUF_GET_LAYOUT|   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * See response format for this request.
     *
     *
     * Request number of buffers to be used:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                | _OP_BUF_REQUEST|   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |    num_bufs    |                     reserved                     | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * num_bufs - uint8_t, desired number of buffers to be used.
     *
     * If num_bufs is not zero then the backend validates the requested number of
     * buffers and responds with the number of buffers allowed for this frontend.
     * Frontend is responsible for checking the corresponding response in order to
     * see if the values reported back by the backend do match the desired ones
     * and can be accepted.
     * Frontend is allowed to send multiple XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_REQUEST requests
     * before sending XENCAMERA_OP_STREAM_START request to update or tune the
     * final configuration.
     * Frontend is not allowed to change the camera configuration after this call
     * with a non-zero value of num_bufs. If camera reconfiguration is required
     * then this request must be sent with num_bufs set to zero and any created
     * buffers must be destroyed first.
     * Frontend is not allowed to change the number of buffers after the
     * streaming has started.
     *
     * If num_bufs is 0 and streaming has not started yet, then the backend will
     * free all previously allocated buffers (if any).
     * Trying to call this if streaming is in progress will result in an error.
     *
     * If camera reconfiguration is required then the streaming must be stopped
     * and this request must be sent with num_bufs set to zero and any
     * created buffers must be destroyed.
     *
     * Please note, that the number of buffers in this request must not exceed
     * the value configured in XenStore.max-buffers.
     *
     * See response format for this request.
     */
    struct xencamera_buf_request {
        uint8_t num_bufs;
    };

    /*
     * Request camera buffer creation:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                | _OP_BUF_CREATE |   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |      index     |                     reserved                     | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                           plane_offset[0]                         | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                           plane_offset[1]                         | 20
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                           plane_offset[2]                         | 24
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                           plane_offset[3]                         | 28
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                           gref_directory                          | 32
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 36
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * An attempt to create multiple buffers with the same index is an error.
     * index can be re-used after destroying the corresponding camera buffer.
     *
     * index - uint8_t, index of the buffer to be created in the range
     *   from 0 to the num_bufs field returned in response for
     *   XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_REQUEST request
     * plane_offset - array of uint32_t, offset of the corresponding plane
     *   in octets from the buffer start. Number of offsets returned is
     *   equal to the value returned in XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_GET_LAYOUT.num_planes.
     * gref_directory - grant_ref_t, a reference to the first shared page
     *   describing shared buffer references. The size of the buffer is equal to
     *   XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_GET_LAYOUT.size response. At least one page exists. If
     *   shared buffer size exceeds what can be addressed by this single page,
     *   then reference to the next shared page must be supplied (see
     *   gref_dir_next_page below).
     *
     * If XENCAMERA_FIELD_BE_ALLOC configuration entry is set, then backend will
     * allocate the buffer with the parameters provided in this request and page
     * directory is handled as follows:
     *   Frontend on request:
     *     - allocates pages for the directory (gref_directory,
     *       gref_dir_next_page(s)
     *     - grants permissions for the pages of the directory to the backend
     *     - sets gref_dir_next_page fields
     *   Backend on response:
     *     - grants permissions for the pages of the buffer allocated to
     *       the frontend
     *     - fills in page directory with grant references
     *       (gref[] in struct xencamera_page_directory)
     */
    struct xencamera_buf_create_req {
        uint8_t index;
        uint8_t reserved[3];
        uint32_t plane_offset[XENCAMERA_MAX_PLANE];
        grant_ref_t gref_directory;
    };

    /*
     * Shared page for XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_CREATE buffer descriptor (gref_directory in
     * the request) employs a list of pages, describing all pages of the shared
     * data buffer:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                        gref_dir_next_page                         | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                              gref[0]                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                              gref[i]                              | i*4+8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             gref[N - 1]                           | N*4+8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * gref_dir_next_page - grant_ref_t, reference to the next page describing
     *   page directory. Must be 0 if there are no more pages in the list.
     * gref[i] - grant_ref_t, reference to a shared page of the buffer
     *   allocated at XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_CREATE.
     *
     * Number of grant_ref_t entries in the whole page directory is not
     * passed, but instead can be calculated as:
     *   num_grefs_total = (XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_REQUEST.size + XEN_PAGE_SIZE - 1) /
     *       XEN_PAGE_SIZE
     */
    struct xencamera_page_directory {
        grant_ref_t gref_dir_next_page;
        grant_ref_t gref[XENPV_FLEX_ARRAY_DIM];
    };

    /*
     * Request buffer destruction - destroy a previously allocated camera buffer:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                | _OP_BUF_DESTROY|   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |      index     |                     reserved                     | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * index - uint8_t, index of the buffer to be destroyed.
     *
     *
     * Request queueing of the buffer for backend use:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                | _OP_BUF_QUEUE  |   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |      index     |                     reserved                     | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * Notes:
     *  - frontends must not access the buffer content after this request until
     *    response to XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_DEQUEUE has been received.
     *  - buffers must be queued to the backend before destroying them with
     *    XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_DESTROY.
     *
     * index - uint8_t, index of the buffer to be queued.
     *
     *
     * Request dequeueing of the buffer for frontend use:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                |_OP_BUF_DEQUEUE |   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |      index     |                     reserved                     | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * Notes:
     *  - frontend is allowed to access the buffer content after the corresponding
     *    response to this request.
     *
     * index - uint8_t, index of the buffer to be queued.
     *
     *
     * Request camera control details:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                | _OP_CTRL_ENUM  |   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |      index     |                     reserved                     | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * See response format for this request.
     *
     * index - uint8_t, index of the control to be queried.
     */
    struct xencamera_index {
        uint8_t index;
    };

    /*
     * Request camera control change:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                |  _OP_SET_CTRL  |   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |       type     |                     reserved                     | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          value low 32-bit                         | 20
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          value high 32-bit                        | 24
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 28
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * type - uint8_t, type of the control, one of the XENCAMERA_CTRL_XXX.
     * value - int64_t, new value of the control.
     */
    struct xencamera_ctrl_value {
        uint8_t type;
        uint8_t reserved[7];
        int64_t value;
    };

    /*
     * Request camera control state:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                |  _OP_GET_CTRL  |   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |       type     |                     reserved                     | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * See response format for this request.
     *
     * type - uint8_t, type of the control, one of the XENCAMERA_CTRL_XXX.
     */
    struct xencamera_get_ctrl_req {
        uint8_t type;
    };

    /*
     * Request camera capture stream start:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                |_OP_STREAM_START|   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     *
     * Request camera capture stream stop:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                |_OP_STREAM_STOP |   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     *
     *---------------------------------- Responses --------------------------------
     *
     * All response packets have the same length (64 octets).
     *
     * All response packets have common header:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                |    operation   |    reserved    | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                              status                               | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * id - uint16_t, copied from the request.
     * operation - uint8_t, XENCAMERA_OP_* - copied from request.
     * status - int32_t, response status, zero on success and -XEN_EXX on failure.
     *
     *
     * Configuration response - response for XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_SET,
     * XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_GET and XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_VALIDATE requests:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                | _OP_CONFIG_XXX |    reserved    | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                               status                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                            pixel format                           | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                               width                               | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                               height                              | 20
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             colorspace                            | 24
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             xfer_func                             | 28
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             ycbcr_enc                             | 32
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                            quantization                           | 36
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                       displ_asp_ratio_numer                       | 40
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                       displ_asp_ratio_denom                       | 44
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          frame_rate_numer                         | 48
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          frame_rate_denom                         | 52
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 56
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * Meaning of the corresponding values in this response is the same as for
     * XENCAMERA_OP_CONFIG_SET and XENCAMERA_OP_FRAME_RATE_SET requests.
     *
     * colorspace - uint32_t, this supplements pixel_format parameter,
     *   one of the XENCAMERA_COLORSPACE_XXX.
     * xfer_func - uint32_t, this supplements colorspace parameter,
     *   one of the XENCAMERA_XFER_FUNC_XXX.
     * ycbcr_enc - uint32_t, this supplements colorspace parameter,
     *   one of the XENCAMERA_YCBCR_ENC_XXX. Please note, that ycbcr_enc is only
     *   valid for YCbCr pixelformats and should be ignored otherwise.
     * quantization - uint32_t, this supplements colorspace parameter,
     *   one of the XENCAMERA_QUANTIZATION_XXX.
     * displ_asp_ratio_numer - uint32_t, numerator of the display aspect ratio.
     * displ_asp_ratio_denom - uint32_t, denominator of the display aspect ratio.
     */
    struct xencamera_config_resp {
        uint32_t pixel_format;
        uint32_t width;
        uint32_t height;
        uint32_t colorspace;
        uint32_t xfer_func;
        uint32_t ycbcr_enc;
        uint32_t quantization;
        uint32_t displ_asp_ratio_numer;
        uint32_t displ_asp_ratio_denom;
        uint32_t frame_rate_numer;
        uint32_t frame_rate_denom;
    };

    /*
     * Request buffer response - response for XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_GET_LAYOUT
     * request:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                |_BUF_GET_LAYOUT |    reserved    | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                               status                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |   num_planes   |                     reserved                     | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                                size                               | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                           plane_size[0]                           | 20
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                           plane_size[1]                           | 24
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                           plane_size[2]                           | 28
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                           plane_size[3]                           | 32
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          plane_stride[0]                          | 36
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          plane_stride[1]                          | 40
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          plane_stride[2]                          | 44
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          plane_stride[3]                          | 48
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * num_planes - uint8_t, number of planes of the buffer.
     * size - uint32_t, overall size of the buffer including sizes of the
     *   individual planes and padding if applicable.
     * plane_size - array of uint32_t, size in octets of the corresponding plane
     *   including padding.
     * plane_stride - array of uint32_t, size in octets occupied by the
     *   corresponding single image line including padding if applicable.
     *
     * Note! The sizes and strides in this response apply to all buffers created
     * with XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_CREATE command, but individual buffers may have
     * different plane offsets, see XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_REQUEST.plane_offset.
     */
    struct xencamera_buf_get_layout_resp {
        uint8_t num_planes;
        uint8_t reserved[3];
        uint32_t size;
        uint32_t plane_size[XENCAMERA_MAX_PLANE];
        uint32_t plane_stride[XENCAMERA_MAX_PLANE];
    };

    /*
     * Request buffer response - response for XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_REQUEST
     * request:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                |_OP_BUF_REQUEST |    reserved    | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                               status                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |   num_buffers  |                     reserved                     | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * num_buffers - uint8_t, number of buffers to be used.
     *
     *
     * Control enumerate response - response for XENCAMERA_OP_CTRL_ENUM:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                | _OP_CTRL_ENUM  |    reserved    | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                               status                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |     index      |      type      |            reserved             | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                               flags                               | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          min low 32-bits                          | 20
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          min high 32-bits                         | 24
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          max low 32-bits                          | 28
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          max high 32-bits                         | 32
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                         step low 32-bits                          | 36
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                         step high 32-bits                         | 40
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                        def_val low 32-bits                        | 44
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                        def_val high 32-bits                       | 48
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 52
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * index - uint8_t, index of the camera control in response.
     * type - uint8_t, type of the control, one of the XENCAMERA_CTRL_XXX.
     * flags - uint32_t, flags of the control, one of the XENCAMERA_CTRL_FLG_XXX.
     * min - int64_t, minimum value of the control.
     * max - int64_t, maximum value of the control.
     * step - int64_t, minimum size in which control value can be changed.
     * def_val - int64_t, default value of the control.
     */
    struct xencamera_ctrl_enum_resp {
        uint8_t index;
        uint8_t type;
        uint8_t reserved[2];
        uint32_t flags;
        int64_t min;
        int64_t max;
        int64_t step;
        int64_t def_val;
    };

    /*
     * Get control response - response for XENCAMERA_OP_CTRL_GET:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                | _OP_CTRL_GET   |    reserved    | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                               status                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |       type     |                     reserved                     | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 20
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          value low 32-bit                         | 24
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          value high 32-bit                        | 28
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 32
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * type - uint8_t, type of the control, one of the XENCAMERA_CTRL_XXX.
     * value - int64_t, new value of the control.
     */

    /*
     *----------------------------------- Events ----------------------------------
     *
     * Events are sent via a shared page allocated by the front and propagated by
     *   evt-event-channel/evt-ring-ref XenStore entries.
     *
     * All event packets have the same length (64 octets).
     * All event packets have common header:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                |      type      |   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * id - uint16_t, event id, may be used by front.
     * type - uint8_t, type of the event.
     *
     *
     * Frame captured event - event from back to front when a new captured
     * frame is available:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                |_EVT_FRAME_AVAIL|   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |      index     |                     reserved                     | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                              used_sz                              | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                              seq_num                              | 20
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 24
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * index - uint8_t, index of the buffer that contains new captured frame,
     *   see XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_CREATE description on the range
     * used_sz - uint32_t, number of octets this frame has. This can be less
     * than the XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_REQUEST.size (response) for compressed formats.
     * seq_num - uint32_t, sequential number of the frame. Must be
     *   monotonically increasing. If skips are detected in seq_num then that
     *   means that the frames in-between were dropped. Note however that not
     *   all video capture hardware is capable of detecting dropped frames.
     *   In that case there will be no skips in the sequence counter.
     */
    struct xencamera_frame_avail_evt {
        uint8_t index;
        uint8_t reserved[3];
        uint32_t used_sz;
        uint32_t seq_num;
    };

    /*
     * Control change event- event from back to front when camera control
     * has changed:
     *         0                1                 2               3        octet
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |               id                |_EVT_CTRL_CHANGE|   reserved     | 4
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |       type     |                     reserved                     | 8
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 12
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 16
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          value low 32-bit                         | 20
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                          value high 32-bit                        | 24
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 28
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     * |                             reserved                              | 64
     * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
     *
     * type - uint8_t, type of the control, one of the XENCAMERA_CTRL_XXX.
     * value - int64_t, new value of the control.
     *
     * Notes:
     *  - this event is not sent for write-only controls
     *  - this event is not sent to the originator of the control change
     *  - this event is not sent when frontend first connects, e.g. initial
     *    control state must be explicitly queried
     */

    struct xencamera_req {
        uint16_t id;
        uint8_t operation;
        uint8_t reserved[5];
        union {
            struct xencamera_config_req config;
            struct xencamera_frame_rate_req frame_rate;
            struct xencamera_buf_request buf_request;
            struct xencamera_buf_create_req buf_create;
            struct xencamera_index index;
            struct xencamera_ctrl_value ctrl_value;
            struct xencamera_get_ctrl_req get_ctrl;
            uint8_t reserved[56];
        } req;
    };

    struct xencamera_resp {
        uint16_t id;
        uint8_t operation;
        uint8_t reserved;
        int32_t status;
        union {
            struct xencamera_config_resp config;
            struct xencamera_buf_get_layout_resp buf_layout;
            struct xencamera_buf_request buf_request;
            struct xencamera_ctrl_enum_resp ctrl_enum;
            struct xencamera_ctrl_value ctrl_value;
            uint8_t reserved1[56];
        } resp;
    };

    struct xencamera_evt {
        uint16_t id;
        uint8_t type;
        uint8_t reserved[5];
        union {
            struct xencamera_frame_avail_evt frame_avail;
            struct xencamera_ctrl_value ctrl_value;
            uint8_t reserved[56];
        } evt;
    };

    DEFINE_RING_TYPES(xen_cameraif, struct xencamera_req, struct xencamera_resp);

    /*
     ******************************************************************************
     *                        Back to front events delivery
     ******************************************************************************
     * In order to deliver asynchronous events from back to front a shared page is
     * allocated by front and its granted reference propagated to back via
     * XenStore entries (evt-ring-ref/evt-event-channel).
     * This page has a common header used by both front and back to synchronize
     * access and control event's ring buffer, while back being a producer of the
     * events and front being a consumer. The rest of the page after the header
     * is used for event packets.
     *
     * Upon reception of an event(s) front may confirm its reception
     * for either each event, group of events or none.
     */

    struct xencamera_event_page {
        uint32_t in_cons;
        uint32_t in_prod;
        uint8_t reserved[56];
    };

    #define XENCAMERA_EVENT_PAGE_SIZE 4096
    #define XENCAMERA_IN_RING_OFFS (sizeof(struct xencamera_event_page))
    #define XENCAMERA_IN_RING_SIZE (XENCAMERA_EVENT_PAGE_SIZE - XENCAMERA_IN_RING_OFFS)
    #define XENCAMERA_IN_RING_LEN (XENCAMERA_IN_RING_SIZE / sizeof(struct xencamera_evt))
    #define XENCAMERA_IN_RING(page) \
        ((struct xencamera_evt *)((char *)(page) + XENCAMERA_IN_RING_OFFS))
    #define XENCAMERA_IN_RING_REF(page, idx) \
        (XENCAMERA_IN_RING((page))[(idx) % XENCAMERA_IN_RING_LEN])

    #endif /* __XEN_PUBLIC_IO_CAMERAIF_H__ */

    /*
     * Local variables:
     * mode: C
     * c-file-style: "BSD"
     * c-basic-offset: 4
     * tab-width: 4
     * indent-tabs-mode: nil
     * End:
     */